50 pages 1 hour read

A Constellation of Vital Phenomena

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2013

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Chapters 4-6Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 4 Summary

Akhmed hides behind a tree trunk as he passes Khassan the next morning, but Khassan spots him. Normally, Akhmed would say hello to Khassan, but he doesn’t want Khassan to know he is sneaking out of the village in case word gets back to Ramzan. Khassan is an elderly man who fought for the Red Army in World War II. For many years, Khassan has worked on a historical book about Chechnya. Akhmed asks Khassan if he can find out from Ramzan what happened to Dokka, but Khassan reminds Akhmed that he won’t speak to Ramzan since Ramzan is an informant. Khassan confesses that no one else in the village besides Akhmed will speak to him either because they don’t trust his son. Finally, Akhmed admits that he will be gone all day and asks that Khassan ensures no one knows he left the village.

At the hospital, a guard with an amputated arm makes Akhmed remove the glass shards stuck in his boots before he enters the hospital. The guard is the only other employee at the hospital besides Sonja, Deshi, and now Akhmed.

Once inside, Akhmed helps Deshi with the laundry. As they search the clothing of dead patients, Akhmed jokes that he would like to find a plane ticket to Grozny, the capital of Chechnya, because he’s never been. Deshi, who has been to Grozny several times, mocks Akhmed for choosing to travel to Grozny out of anywhere in the world. They find a note sewn into a pant leg asking that the body be returned to the man’s home if found dead, but the body was already burned. Akhmed has a similar note sewn into his pants, “awaiting the decent soul that would one day carry him, should he die away from home” (62).

Ula first became sick two years earlier, in 2002. After attempting to treat her, Akhmed became convinced that the pain was only in her mind, but “while he didn’t believe she was physically sick, he couldn’t deny the reality of her suffering” (64). Akhmed was hesitant to bring Ula to the hospital in case it looked like he wasn’t a good enough doctor to treat her himself, or in case the doctors thought Akhmed was wasting their time on an older patient whose sickness was psychological. Akhmed finally tried to bring Ula to the hospital, but guards blocked them from getting into the city every time. Now, Akhmed cares for Ula at home himself.

A patient arrives at the hospital after stepping on a land mine; he now must have his foot amputated. Sonja insists that Akhmed learn to perform an amputation because they are so common at the hospital. Akhmed is horrified at first but finally saws off the foot following Sonja’s instructions.

Chapter 5 Summary

Khassan Geshilov works on his manuscript detailing the history of Russia over many decades. The first draft, totaling over 3,000 pages, is completed in 1963. A publisher agrees to publish it, but only the first 228 pages, which cover the history of Chechnya up to 1547. After Brezhnev, a Soviet politician, rises to power, Khassan’s publisher only accepts early-history books, but Khassan continues working on his book, writing “as the voice of appeasement, justifying, glossing over, but never forgiving the four centuries of Russian depredations” (77). Finally, editor Kirill Ivanovich accepts the book for publication, but he’s later fired and imprisoned for “being too conservative with his edits, too vocal with his own opinions” (77). After Brezhnev falls from power, Khassan’s book is accepted for publication again, as long as it’s longer. As he writes, Khassan is careful not to write anything that will upset the Soviet government. Meanwhile, Khassan’s son Ramzan grows up, but Khassan is too engrossed in his work and is a neglectful father. Finally, in 1991 the Soviet Union falls.

After the fall of the Soviet Union, wars and poverty cause Khassan to lose his job and his publisher. One day, Khassan realizes Ramzan is helping the corrupt police and refuses to speak to him ever again. Ramzan tries to explain that he is doing it in exchange for food, medicine, and electricity that they can both use, but Khassan ignores Ramzan’s excuses and feeds his portion of the food to stray dogs. When Dokka disappears, Khassan is sure that Ramzan helped the Feds capture him.

After Akhmed tells Khassan that he is sneaking out of the village during the day, Khassan decides to visit Ula at home. Khassan tells Ula the story of how he met the love of his life, Mirza. During World War II, while Khassan was fighting in Poland, the Red Army rounded up the Chechens and banished them (including Khassan’s parents and sister) to Kazakhstan due to the government’s prejudice against their ethnicity. When Khassan arrived in Kazakhstan after the war, Khassan’s family was long dead, and Mirza filled him in on the deportation. After Stalin’s death, the Chechen ethnicity was reinstated, allowing the Chechens to return home. Khassan and many others dug up their family’s graves in order to rebury them at their homes. When Khassan and Mirza arrived back in Chechnya, they found a bust of Stalin and together destroyed it in the street. Khassan and Mirza embraced then for the first time, and Khassan noticed the oval-shaped birthmark on Mirza’s stomach. In the present, Khassan decides he will begin a new writing project, a letter to Havaa about his memories of Dokka.

Chapter 6 Summary

Before leaving for the night, Akhmed told Havaa to teach the one-armed guard to juggle. Now, bored and miserable in the hospital, Havaa decides to try it. The one-armed guard is annoyed and sarcastic toward Havaa and sends her away. Havaa wonders how Sonja became the head of the entire hospital, thinking:

Women weren’t supposed to be doctors, they weren’t capable of the work, the schooling, the time and commitment, not when they had houses to clean, and children to care for, and dinners to prepare, and husbands to please. (98)

Havaa starts to think that since Sonja is a doctor, maybe Havaa could become a scientist one day. Havaa runs into Deshi and asks her what happened to all the men, but Deshi dismisses her and tells her to draw a picture in the waiting room. Finally, Havaa runs into Sonja, who takes Havaa to bed.

Chapters 4-6 Analysis

This novel uses an omniscient third-person point of view, which means the author can get into different characters’ heads and tell the story from anyone’s perspective. These opening chapters alternate between Akhmed’s, Khassan’s, and Havaa’s stories. In addition to changing point of view between chapters, the text sometimes changes point of view within paragraphs. After Kirill Ivanovich accepts Khassan’s book for publication, the text describes how he discovered the remains of an ancient settlement while excavating the foundation for a prison latrine, and how he remembered his young male assistant, whom he loved. The novel’s omniscient point of view allows the text to share details about Ivanovich, illustrate the effect of post-Soviet Russia on a wide variety of characters, and paint a fuller picture of the setting.

Chapter 5 also uses the story of Khassan’s book to explain the novel’s historical context. Khassan’s book is written alongside the rise and fall of the Soviet Union. Khassan’s struggle to write a draft that will appease whatever politician is in control at the time reflects the people’s attempt to adapt to strict Soviet regulations. After the fall of the Soviet Union, Khassan describes “that horrid system that told him what he could be and do and think and say and believe and love and desire and hate” (80), which resonates with his struggles to edit and publish his book.

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